Types of Solar Panel

There are several different types of solar panel technology available today. These include Monocrystalline, Thin-film, and Amorphous silicon. Each type offers a different level of efficiency.

Monocrystalline

When it comes to solar panels, monocrystalline and polycrystalline solar panels are the two main types. Both have their pros and cons. However, when it comes to efficiency, monocrystalline solar panels are the winner. They also have the ability to produce more electricity. Monocrystalline cells have one single silicon crystal, while polycrystalline cells are comprised of several silicon cells. The difference in cell type is important for energy generation. Since there are more silicon cells in a monocrystalline module, the energy output is higher. It is not only easier to generate the electricity, but it is also less costly to manufacture.

Monocrystalline

Monocrystalline PV cells are highly efficient and can achieve a theoretical semiconductor efficiency of 31%. This makes them the ideal choice for commercial and residential projects. Polycrystalline PV panels are a less expensive option, but they have lower output levels.

Major Disadvantages

One of the major disadvantages of polycrystalline cells is the inherent inefficiency. This is caused by the electrons not holding onto the energy long enough. If the electrons are not able to hold onto the energy for a sufficient length of time, it will be lost as heat.

Panels

Aside from the aesthetically pleasing appearance, a polycrystalline panel may also have a lower rating for hail and wind loading. Moreover, the thin film panels require more space to accommodate the cells. Also, the efficiency ratings vary significantly. While the average power output for a standard 60-cell polycrystalline panel is 240- 300 watts, most monocrystalline panels are rated for 300-375 watts.

Monocrystalline cells are made using the Czochralski method. For every square inch of surface area, a molten silicon is formed around a seed crystal. The resulting crystal is sliced into thin wafers.

Another advantage of monocrystalline cells is the purity of the silicon. While many PV cells are contaminated with metal particles, this is not the case with mono c-Si. These cells have higher heat resistance and are able to withstand hail at up to 50mph.

Manufacturing

The manufacturing process is relatively complex and energy-intensive. Nonetheless, it is possible to maximize the power output of monocrystalline cells within the limitations of space. Because of this, it is a better choice for homes with limited roof space. Another positive factor of monocrystalline cells is that they can be installed on recreational vehicles and watercraft. Additionally, they can be installed in commercial buildings where space is limited. But, the downsides of the technology include higher cost and the lack of durability.

advantage

Besides its efficiency, monocrystalline panels also have the advantage of having a sleek, black look. While a polycrystalline panel is often blue marbled, monocrystalline panels are a more uniform color. Similarly, the gap between the cells is smaller. Thus, there is more room for an electric field when the sun shines.